Social Work Examination Services (SWES) Human Behavior Practice Test

Which life cycle stage of Erik Erikson is characterized by feelings of initiative and guilt?

1. Industry vs. inferiority

2. Intimacy vs. isolation

3. Initiative vs. guilt

4. Identity vs. role confusion

The correct answer is: Initiative vs. guilt

The life cycle stage characterized by feelings of initiative and guilt is indeed Initiative vs. guilt. This stage occurs during early childhood, roughly between the ages of three and six years. During this period, children begin to assert themselves more frequently and take on tasks independently, which fosters a sense of initiative. They explore their environment, engage in play, and begin to initiate activities with peers. However, if children's initiatives are met with disapproval or overly strict limitations, they may develop feelings of guilt about their desires to explore and lead their own activities. This interplay between initiative and guilt is crucial for the development of a sense of purpose and the ability to initiate action in social interactions. Understanding this stage helps in recognizing the importance of nurturing a child's initiative while also providing appropriate guidance, as it sets the foundation for later stages of social and emotional development.